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Advanced Computational Methods for Aeronautics, Flow Management and Fluid-Structure Interaction – (M.Sc.)
Imperial College London
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| Annual Tuition Fee: | ≈ € 4,221 - ≈ € 23,246 (non-EEA) | ||
| Location: | London / United Kingdom | ||
| Duration: | 12 months | Start Date: | October |
| Educational Form: |
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| Education Variants: |
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| Languages: | English | ||
Location of Imperial College London
The course provides advanced training in: computational methods; the underlying theory and physical principles; appropriate experimental techniques. Graduates from the course are likely to find employment over a broad spectrum of opportunities, both aerospace and non-aerospace. The course is presented by staff of both the Department of Aeronautics and also the Department of Mathematics and is managed by the Department of Aeronautics.
The course is assessed both by written examination, including associated coursework, together with a substantial individual research project of about five months' duration. Through links with industry, it is possible for projects to be supervised in part by staff from industry or for projects to be carried out in industry. Some courses are presented as compact (one-week or two-week) short course modules, making them readily available for attendees from industry and other Universities. The normal duration of the course is one year full-time or two years part-time. Applicants should have a good second or first class degree, preferably in engineering, physics, mathematics or computer sciences.
The Aims and Objectives
* To provide a high level, one-year (if full-time) taught course in aspects of aeronautical engineering with strong application also to non-aeronautical disciplines.
* To offer a course with strong aerodynamics, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), structural analysis, control and flight mechanics. An important element is the combination of aerodynamics and structural analysis, that is aeroelasticity and fluid-structure interactions and flow management.
* To graduate students with a fundamental understanding of the course material and the ability to apply it to practical problems.
* To ensure that students understand how to solve complex problems numerically, rather than simply using ‘black box' commercial codes. Students have career opportunities in many areas, but we would hope that students are sufficiently well informed that they could write, rather than just use, commercial packages.
* To support the theory and computing by simple experiments.
* To ensure that not only do we provide enhanced engineering training but that we also encourage and provide opportunity for conversion to an advanced engineering discipline from graduates in Mathematics and Physics.
Contents
All lecture course modules are optional, although students will be advised of suitable course combinations if necessary. One course unit is allocated per 10-lecture module, and the minimum requirement for the award of the degree is the attainment of passes in 12 units and in the individual project. Students are advised to take at least 19 units to be eligible for a distinction. The lectures cover the following areas:
* Aeroelasticity and fluid-structure interaction:
10 lectures, 2 tutorials. Spring term (short course).
Introduction to static and dynamic aeroelastic instabilities. Common approximations used for predictions. Unsteady thin aerofoil theory, classical two-degree-of-freedom flutter of a thin aerofoil, complex structures with many degrees of freedom, effects of compressibility, stall flutter.
* Compressible flow:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Spring term (short course format).
Physics of compressible flow, shock waves, rarefaction waves, nozzle flows, choking, shock wave reflection and diffraction. Euler equations, conservation and non -conservation forms. Shock fitting and capturing. First order and higher order numerical schemes. Characteristics. Artificial viscosity methods, upwind and TVD schemes. Flux limiters and reconstruction techniques.
* Control theory:
10 lectures, 2 tutorials. Autumn term (normal course format).
Fundamentals of feedback control theory. Ordinary differential equation, state space and transfer function (Laplace transform) techniques for modelling finite dimensional linear time invariant dynamical systems. Linearisation of nonlinear dynamical systems. Stability of linear and nonlinear systems. Basic stability theory and feedback design using classical methods. Feedback control via state and output feedback. Stability, controllability, stabilisability, observability and detectability of linear systems. Pole placement techniques. Introduction to optimal control theory. Formulation of optimisation criteria to pose feedback design as a norm minimisation problem. Solution of algebraic Riccati equations.
* Experimental fluid dynamics:
20 lectures, various laboratory assignments, assessed entirely by coursework. Autumn term (normal course format).
Principle and design of wind-tunnels, free stream turbulence and noise, measurement techniques for velocity, pressure, skin friction, heat transfer, and density, flow visualisation and particle image velocimetry. Towing tanks and water flow.
* Finite difference methods:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Autumn term (normal course format).
Parabolic, hyperbolic, elliptic equations, stability, consistency, convergence. Parabolic, explicit, implicit and Crank-Nicolson methods. Alternating direction implicit, splitting and fractional step methods. Characteristics, CFL condition. Upwind differencing, artificial viscosity, Keller, Lax-Wendroff and MacCormack, CFL condition. Elliptic standard difference schemes.
* Finite element methods:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Spring term (short course format).
Variational principles, weak formulation. Rayleigh-Ritz and finite element Galerkin methods. Linear and higher order elements. Triangular, rectangular, isoparametric elements. Superconvergence. Diffusion-convection, Petrov-Galerkin method. Time dependent methods.
* Fundamentals of fluid mechanics:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Autumn term (normal course format).
Introduction: Viscous and inviscid flow, derivation of equations of fluid motion, Euler and Navier-Stokes forms, incompressible and compressible flow, vorticity, potential flow, the boundary layer approximation, flow induced forces, dimensional analysis and force coefficients, laminar, transitional and turbulent flow.
* Hydrodynamic stability:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Spring term (short course format).
Rayleigh equation and inviscid instability, Orr-Sommerfield equation and viscous instability, convective and absolute instability, instability growth beyond the linear range, by-pass transition.
* Linear algebra:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Autumn term (normal course format).
Direct methods for linear equations. Gaussian elimination, LU-decomposition, Cholesky and QR factorisations. Iterative methods, Conjugate gradient.
* Navier-Stokes equations and turbulence modelling:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Spring term (normal course format).
Primitive variable and vorticity-stream function methods. Stability of numerical schemes for convection-diffusion equations. Upwind differencing. Primitive variable, staggered grids. Method of artificial compressibility, pressure correction and projection methods. Introduction to turbulence modelling, classification of models. Eddy viscosity models, Reynolds stress transport equations. Large-eddy simulation.
* Separated flows and fluid-structure interaction:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Spring term (short course format).
Separation from smooth surfaces and from sharp corners, separation from a downstream facing step, Von Karman vortex wake behind a bluff body, influence of Reynolds number on the wake of a circular cylinder, effects of body vibration, free stream turbulence and surface roughness, three-dimensional aspects of separation. Fluid-structure interaction of bluff body flows, vortex induced vibration and lock-in, galloping, wake buffeting.
* Structural dynamics:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Autumn term (normal course format).
Hamilton's principle, Lagrange's equations, dissipation function. Discretisation, element and global mass matrix exact and lumped. Free vibrations and damping. General solution, time domain and frequency domain methods. Dynamic flexibility matrix. Modelling for dynamic analysis, Rayleigh quotient. Effect of modal and static condensation and substructuring. Non-linear response.
* Technology of sensors and actuators:
20 lectures, 4 tutorials. Spring term (short course format).
Review of sensors including pressure sensors, heat transfer and stress sensors. Effects and design of surface jets, moving surfaces, micro-actuators. Applications to flow management and control. There are additional non-examinable support courses: Introduction to computing skills and Introductory mathematics, at the beginning of the autumn term, and Presentational and interpersonal skills.
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Requirements
Applicants should have a good second or first class Honours degree, preferably in engineering, physics, mathematics or computer sciences. A number of Advanced Course Studentships are available, which cover maintenance costs and tuition fees, and UK students are eligible to apply for these studentships.
To obtain maximum benefit from studies at Imperial College all students must have a good command of the English Language. College therefore requires applicants to have taken an English Language test and achieved an acceptable grade or score before admission can be confirmed. The College Senate has approved the tests set out below. Please note that the scores or grades indicated are the minimum levels generally acceptable to the College. Departments have the discretion to prescribe higher requirements either for specific courses of study or in specific cases where there are serious doubts as to the abilities of individual students to undertake proposed programmes of study.
Students must make arrangements to take the appropriate test well in advance of the start of their course. Places will not be confirmed and students will not be allowed to register until confirmation of an acceptable result has been received as set out below.
* A first degree taught in English within the following countries: Australia, Canada, Ireland, Guyana, New Zealand, South Africa, United Kingdom, United States of America, West Indies.
* Candidates whose first degree was not taught in English but who have then successfully completed a one-year MSc (or equivalent) course at a UK university.
* A grade of not less than C in English Language in GCSE, IGCSE, GCE `O´ Level or equivalent.
* A grade of not less than C in the Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE).
* A pass in the University Test of English for Speakers of Other Languages (UETESOL).
* British Council IELTS Test
A score of not less than 6.5 including a score of 5.0 or better in the written and spoken English elements of the academic test. NB: the requirement for Tanaka Business School programmes is 7.0 overall, with 6.0 in writing.
* TOEFL
A score of not less than 90 overall in the internet-based test (iBT), to include 24 in Writing and 20 in Speaking; or 600 in the paper-based test (PBT), or 250 in the computer-based test (CBT), both to include a minimum score of 4.5 in the written English.
Please note: Imperial College's Institution Code for TOEFL is 0891.
Additional Requirements
| Minimal degree required: | Bachelor's degree |
| Minimal amount of work experience | Not specified |
Language Proficiency
| IELTS Band: | 6.5 |
| TOEFL Paper-based: | 600 |
| TOEFL Computer-based: | 250 |
| TOEFL Internet-based: | 90 |
Ask a Question
You can contact Professor Sergei Chernyshenko to ask a question about Advanced Computational Methods for Aeronautics, Flow Management and Fluid-Structure Interaction at Imperial College London.
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